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HomeCivil CodeDiv. 3Pt. 4Ch. 5Art. 5§ 2212 Space Flight Liability Waiver

§ 2212 Space Flight Liability Waiver

Civil Code·California
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§ 2212 Space Flight Liability Waiver

A space travel company can't be sued for injuries if the passenger was told about the risks and agreed, unless the company was grossly negligent, meant to hurt, or knew about a dangerous condition.

Key Takeaways

  • •If a passenger is properly told about risks and gives consent, they generally can't sue the space company.
  • •The company can still be sued if it acts with gross negligence, intends harm, or knew about a dangerous condition that caused injury.
  • •This rule works in addition to other legal limits that may apply.
  • •Manufacturers of defective parts used in the flight can still be held responsible for injuries.

Example

A person signs up for a suborbital flight, receives a safety briefing, signs a consent form, and then gets hurt because the rocket had a known faulty valve that the company ignored.

The passenger was informed and consented, so normally they couldn't sue, but the company's knowledge of the dangerous valve and failure to fix it makes it liable under the law.

AI-generated — May contain errors. Not legal advice. Always verify source.

Official Source
View on CA.gov

§ 2212 Space Flight Liability Waiver

(a)Except as provided in subdivision (c), a space flight entity shall not be liable for participant injury arising out of space flight activities if both of the following apply: (1)The participant has been informed of the risks associated with space flight activities as required by federal law and Section 2211. (2)The participant has given his or her informed consent that he or she is voluntarily participating in space flight activities after having been informed of the risks associated with those activities, as required by federal law and Section 2211. (b)If informed consent is given pursuant to subdivision (a), a participant, his or her representative, including the heirs, administrators, executors, assignees, next of kin, and estate of the participant, or any person who attempts to bring a claim on behalf of the participant for a participant injury, shall not be authorized to maintain an action against, or recover from, a space flight entity for a participant injury that resulted from the risks associated with space flight activities, except as provided in subdivision (c). (c)Nothing in this section shall prevent or limit the liability of a space flight entity that does any of the following: (1)Commits an act or omission that constitutes gross negligence or willful or wanton disregard for the safety of the participant, and that act or omission proximately causes a participant injury. (2)Intentionally causes a participant injury. (3)Has actual knowledge or reasonably should have known of a dangerous condition on the land or in the facilities or equipment used in space flight activities and the dangerous condition proximately causes injury, damage, or death to the participant. (d)Any limitation on legal liability afforded by this section to a space flight entity is in addition to any other limitations of legal liability otherwise provided by law. (e)Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the liability of a manufacturer of a part or component used in space flight activities if a defective part or component proximately causes an injury to the participant.

Last verified: February 26, 2026

Related Statutes

  • § 1917.150 Capital Improvements Value Adjustment
  • § 1917.151 Shared Appreciation Loan Credits
  • § 2210 Space Flight Liability Definitions
  • § 2211 Space Flight Liability Warning
  • § 8550 Stop Payment Notice Deadlines

References

  • Official text at leginfo.legislature.ca.gov
  • California Legislature. Civil Code. Section 2212.
View Official Source